The cities show evidence of an advanced sense of planning and organization. Following are some of the features of indus valley civilization. Their town planning proves that they lived a highly civilized and developed life. Following a tradition in archaeology, the civilisation is sometimes referred to as the harappan, after its type site, harappa, the first site to be excavated in the 1920s. There is an absence of any temple among the remains of the indus valley. This book supports the view that ivc people were from middle east iraq and anatolia and not of local origin. This civilization is extended far beyond the indus valley. Mohenjodaro, on the right bank of the indus river, is a unesco world heritage site. Indus valley civilization facts history of ancient india educational videos by mocomi duration. The indus valley civilization of ancient india was one of the earliest civilizations in world history. The indus valley civilization, 2800 bc1800 bc, was an ancient civilization thriving along the indus river and the ghaggarhakra river in what is now pakistan. Kalibangan, a site of harappa had two major parts on.
City planning of the indus valley civilization trithesean minds. The modern town is a part of, and lies next to, the ancient city. The most characteristic feature of the harappan civilization was its urbanization. Indus valley civilization pdf short note covers important points viz. At its peak, the indus valley civilization may have had a population of over five million people. Evidence of religious practices in this area date back approximately to 5500 bce. The ruins of the cities, so far unearthed, show remarkable town planning and excellent system of drainage and sanitation of the indus valley. How did the townships emerge in such a well planned manner in. In every aspect like roads, houses, drainage, bath, granary, the harappan people have left an imprint of originality and brilliance. City areas most of the cities were divided into two main parts. The planning of a town had was based on two main factors the nearness to a water source and the height it was built above nile to make sure the flooding didnt affect the city.
The harappan civilization, the worlds fourth great civilization after those of egypt, mesopotamia, and china flourished in the valley of the indus three thousand years ago. The harappan culture was distinguished by its system of town planning. Indus valley civilization town planning, town planning in. The pdf version of the exhibition catalogue is available at. Hello aspirants, today update24hour sharing some important articles for indus valley civilization so its todays topic is very interesting because every exam asking according to indus valley civilization today we talked about civilizations ok civilization basically 2500 bc to 1500 bc, first of all, we talking about its. The indus cities are noted for their urban planning, a technical. A different kind of town planning we found at lothal. But early indus valley civilization had existed even before bc. Indus valley civilization ancient history encyclopedia. Indus valley civilization town planning, harappan civilization town planning, urban planning and town planning in indus valley civilisation. Indus valley civilization map, harappa and mohenjodaro. The civilization was comprised of harappan and mohenjadaro, both of which were its major cities. Indus valley of ine lesson plan the forgotten cities.
Social and economic life of indus valley civilization. The indus valley is contemporary with the civilizations of mesopotamia and ancient egypt. Farming settlements began around 4000 bce and around 3000 bce there appeared the first signs of urbanization. To understand the indus valley civilization, we need to examine the evolvement of historical civilization. The quality of municipal town planning suggests the knowledge of urban planning and efficient municipal governments which placed a high priority on hygiene. Town planning system the town planning system of indus valley civilization harappan civilization was city based. India is the seventhlargest country in the world and is located in south asia. Indus valley civilization pdf important points short. The indus valley civilization ivc displayed remarkable planning in its urban towns, especially in the area of sanitation and drainage. The indus valley civilization is the first known urban culture in india.
In the indus valley civilization particularly, all bricks corresponded to sizes in a perfect ratio of 4. Mohenjodaro, city of the indus valley michael jansen the harappan civilization, the worlds fourth great civilization after those of egypt, mesopotamia, and china flourished in the valley of the indus three thousand years ago. Contents a about indus valley civilization b the town planning of harappa c the town planning of mohenjodaro d the town planning of dholavira e the town planning of lothal f the town planning of channu daro g the town planning of rakhigarhi 2. Take a look at town planning, religious practises, languages, technology, arts and crafts, and the decline of the indus valley civilisation. Can you fin 2 objects in the gallery which were part of a harappan building in the citadel area. In 1925 archaeologists announced a spectacular discovery of immense urban ruins of two cities mohenjodaro and harappa divided apart by a distance of 640 km but identical in their layout, architecture and building technique. There are several theories to the excellent town planning of indus valley civilization. Bronze age civilisation major sites h ar p first ivc sites to be excavated excavated by daya ram sahini in 1921 location. An overview of harappan architecture and town planning.
The harappan civilization was known for its accurate town planning and roads that where wide and straight. The indus valley civilization is also sometimes referred to as the harappa or harappan civilization of the indus valley, in reference to its first excavated city of harappa. Here we are providing information related to indus valley civilization like introduction, phases, crafts, economy, town planning, society of this civilization. This civilisation is credited for building cities complete with. When you find them, try to draw and name the objects in the space provided below. Garg, divya case study city planning and organization of. An important contribution synthesizing many fields of research. The indus valley people lived from 3500 to 1700 bce in the indus valley in modern day pakistan and india and other countries of the region. It was the most sophisticated and exemplarily system before the romans. First site 26001900 bc, it was discovered in in 1856 while railway line putting between lahore and karachi and harappa ruins excavated to meet demand of bricks. The four principal settlements so far excavated provide the material to reconstruct the cultural content of the civilization.
The ruins of the cities, so far unearthed, show remarkable town planning and excellent. Indus valley civilization was the first major civilization in south asia, which spread across a vast area of land in presentday india and pakistan around 12 lakh sq. Such was the great civilization of indiathat remained embedded under the layers of earth for enormous length of time. It appeared nearly 2500 bc along the indus river valley in. Description about the great bath, streets, drainage system, granaries and buildings of harappa and. Basham rejected this view saying that that no idol has been found within these buildings. Montgomery district of punjab pakistan on the bank of ravi major finding. Towns generally had a boundary wall with only one or two entrances through the wall. The people of this region developed a sophisticated and technologically advanced urban culture. Indus valley civilization early vedic civilization later vedic civilization buddhism jainism 16 mahajanapadas rise of magadha haryankadynasty sisunaga dynasty nandas alexander invasions on india mauryan empire sungas kanvas indogreeks guptas harshavardhana satavahanas sangam age kushanskanishka badami chalukyas kalyani chalukyas pallavas. Lothal and rangpur are two sites where historians found rice husk. Town planning is the unique feature of indus valley civilization. There are five main points in this book, they are as following.
The indus valley civilisation is named after the indus river system in whose alluvial plains the early sites of the civilisation were identified and excavated. General knowledge on indus valley civilization indus valley civilization architecture of indus valley civilization town planning. Harappan towns and cities were built as per grid pattern wherein roads. Indus people were the first to build planned cities with scientific drainage system. The streets were very wide and the houses built of burnt bricks lined both sides of the street. Necessity scope principles of town planning, present status of town planning in india. Indus valley civilization town planning, town planning in harappan. The indus valley civilisation, also known as the harappan civilisation, is the oldest civilisation in asia. Sep 01, 2016 indus valley civilization town planning 1. Vahia, yadav reconstructing the history of harappan civilization 29 indus valley close to mehrgarh but in a far away region of hakra basin in harappa around 3200 bc and seems to be an indigenous development. Indus valley civilization used mudbrick extensively, as can be seen in the ruins of mohenjodaro and harappa.
Harappan architecture is the architecture of the indus valley civilization, an ancient people who lived in the indus valley from about 3300 bce to 0 bce the civilisations cities were noted for their urban planning, baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems, clusters of large nonresidential buildings, and new techniques in handicraft carnelian products, seal. Gk, general studies, optional notes for upsc, ias, banking, civil services. They have unique town planning and drainage system. The town planning of harappan civilization reveals that the civic organisations of the city were highly developed and even at the present age, the sites are special attractions for archaeologists. The striking feature of the indus valley civilisation was the wellplanned nature of its cities. Harappa is a large village presently in the province of punjab in pakistan. Basic house plans ranging from single room tenements to houses with courtyards and up to 12 rooms to great houses with several dozen rooms and several courtyards. Indus valley civilization or harappan culture study. Majority of the sites developed on the banks of river indus, ghaggar and its tributaries.
Indus valley civilization geographical range south asia period bronze age south asia dates c. This ancient civilization has amazed historians with its unprecedented organizing principles, which were used to plan, develop and evolve the towns and cities. Many believe the indus valley civilization to have been established in 3000 b. The town planning of harappan civilization reveals that the civic organisations of the city were highly developed and even at the present age, the sites are special. Indus valley civilization summary town structure consists of. City planning and organization of indus valley civilization ischools.
Town planning and architecture in mohenjodaro class 12. All efforts have been made to make this image accurate. The main characteristic of indus valley civilization. The indus valley was home to the largest of the four ancient urban. The indus civilization flourished around urban cities. Civilization, like harappa, mohenjodaro, and dholavira faced abandonment and decline during the late 3rd and early 2nd millennium b. In this post, we are providing complete study material on indus valley civilization which existed in india about 5000 years ago. The urban development in the indus valley introduced the pattern of the earliest. As yet little is known about it, but one enormous town mohenjodaro has survived. The town planning of the harappan civilization upholds the fact that the civic establishments of the city were highly developed. Setting the stage the great civilizations of mesopotamia and egypt rose and fell. A sophisticated and technologically advanced urban culture is evident in the indus valley civilization. Indus valley civilization and their city planning techniques and details. Many of the distinctive features of the harappan civilization like writing, standardised seals and weights, some standardised aspects of town planning and other.
Indus town planning free download as powerpoint presentation. Indus valley civilization fact geographical extent. Town planning in indus valley civilization history tuition. As a term, harappa represents the entire indus valley civilization.
Indus valley ks2 national history, published by commonwealth institute, 1996 junior focus, indus valley issue, no. City planning of the indus valley civilization the indus valley civilization harappa civilization in india had a really well made town planning system. In this article we will discuss about the food, social dress, ornaments, house hold articles, amusements, trade, social class and structure, religion and funerary customs of the people of indus valley civilization. In every aspect like roads, houses, drainage, bath, granary. It started declining around 1900 bc and disappeared around 1400 bc. Indus river valley civilizations article khan academy. Dec 10, 2017 town planning is the unique feature of indus valley civilization. Townplanning of harappan culture your article library.
This civilization flourished at around 2,500 bc, in the western part of south asia, i. Town planning was the hallmark of harappan culture. The social and economic life of the people of indus valley civilization harappan civilization was systematic and organised. The indus civilization represents the earliest manifestation of urban development in the plains of the indus valley and its extension along the arabian seacoast. Indus valley civilizationmcqsobjective type questions. Indus valley civilization town planning history tuition. Architecture of indus valley civilization question and. However none holds the ground as all these theories are negated on certain facts. Most of our knowledge of the indus cities is based on excavations at mohenjodaro and harappa. Town planning system of indus valley civilization harappan. The nuclear dates of the civilization appear to be about 25001700 bce, though the southern sites may have lasted later into the 2nd millennium bce. Rediscovering harappa the ancient indus civilization. The harappa town planning has amazed the archaeologists worldwide. The religion of the indus people had some interesting aspects.
Case study city planning and organization of indus valley civilization overview. These gateways are seen even in the inner fortification areas also. Indus valley civilization 0 0 200 miles 400 kilometers ancient india, 25001500 b. The indus valley civilization of ancient india timemaps.
It was located in the northwestern region of the indian subcontinent, and its rise and fall form the first great chapter in the history of ancient india. Contents a about indus valley civilization b the town planning of harappa c the town planning of mohenjodaro d the town planning of dholavira e the town planning of lothal f the town planning of channu daro g the town planning. The indus valley civilization was established around 3300 bc. Ias mains gs paper 1 answerkey part 1 aspirant forum. Indus valley civilization or harappan culture complete study material pdf free download for various competitive exams like upsc, appsc, tspsc and other state psc exams in india. The rectangular town planning was unique to the harappans and was not known in mesopotamia or egypt. The remains from the indus valley civilization are from roughly the same period. Most of the cities were divided into two main parts. Major sites h ar p first ivc sites to be excavated location. The main towns of indus valley civilization were harappa, mohenjodaro, kalibangan, lothal. Causes of decline of the indus valley civilization introduction. The discovery of indus valley civilization brought the indian subcontinent into limelight as home to one of the most ancient human civilizations and gave scope to many scholars to present an argument that the indian subcontinent, as a land of racial, ethnic and linguistic diversity from time immemorial and as a land that stood in the way of waves of migrating.
The orientation of streets and buildings, according to the cardinal directions eastwest, and northsouth was the distinguishing factor of the indus saraswati cities harappan city sites, including mohenjo daro, harappa, kalibangan, and surkotada were having large gateways at various entry points of the city. Indus valley civilization harappan civilization 23001700 bc. Like most of the indus towns, mohenjodaro was a gridplanned city i. The town planning of harappan culture is one of its most impressive aspects, as though it was the handiwork of a genius of an architect. This paper will explore the nature and dynamics of adaptation and resilience in the face of a diverse and varied environmental and ecological context using the case study of south asias indus civilization ca. The site of harappa is important in that it has provided proof of not just the indus valley civilization as it was in its prime, but also of preceding and succeeding cultures as well and is the only site included in this category. One of the most important features of indus valley civilization was systematic town planning on the basis of the grid system which divided the city into several rectangular blocks. The indus valley civilisation was one of the first great civilisations having a writing system, urban centres and a diversified social and economic system. Some scholars like to believe that the large buildings found at harappa and mohenjodaro were in fact temples. Map showing the indus valley civilization harappa, mohenjodaro, mehrgarh and lothal with current countriy boundaries. After independence india was left with no important. Harappa town planning is one of the most outstanding and remarkable features of harappa and the indus valley civilization, which is located in northwest india and pakistan. The main street was normally placed through the centre of the town with.
It flourished between 2700 bc and 1900 bc mature indus valley civilization. Imposing order and structure is a natural human tendency not just for things and activities but also for natural resources like land and water. Jan 15, 2018 indus valley civilization summary town structure consists of. Geographical extent, town planning, religion, trade, art and script of harappan people. Mohenjodaro, city of the indus valley sciencedirect. Tell students this is similar to the story of the indus valley civilization. The ruins of the cities, so far unearthed, show remarkable town planning, and excellent system of drainage and sanitation of the indus valley. The significant features of indus valley civilization are personal cleanliness, town planning, construction of burntbrick houses, ceramics, casting, forging of metals, manufacturing of.
Civilization settlement types, town planning and architecture. To what extent has the urban planning and culture of the. Nov 09, 2015 city planning of the indus valley civilization. The indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is pakistan and northwest india today, on the fertile flood plain of the indus river and its vicinity. The time period of mature indus valley civilization is estimated between bc. Indus civilization, also called indus valley civilization or harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the indian subcontinent. Harappan city sites, including mohenjo daro, harappa, kalibangan, and surkotada were having large gateways at various entry points of the city.
Reconstructing the history of harappan civilization. The excellent drainage and sanitation systems are remarkable. This is also called harappan civilization after the first. The indus valley civilization harappa civilization in india had a really well made town planning system. The street ran straight and at right angles to each other following the grid system. They followed a system of centralized administration.
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